The Astronomers

Wandering Stars: a tour of the planets

A beauteous rip through the solar sytem, based on NASA's Science on a Sphere program "The Wanderers." In ancient times, humans watched the skies looking for clues to their future and to aid in their very survival. They soon observed that some stars were not fixed, but moved in the sky from night to night. They called these stars the wanderers. At the center of our solar system is the sun, binding the planets with its gravitational pull. From our viewpoint on earth, the sun appears small in the sky, but in reality it dwarfs even Jupiter, the largest planet in the solar system. The distance from the sun to the small worlds traveling it are vast. Light takes eight minutes to reach earth, and nearly a day to reach the farthest known bodies. Join us now as we tour our solar system, starting with sun-baked mercury and traveling to the remotest outskirts, where small, icy bodies move with only the faintest connection to our sun. Mercury Mercury, the closest planet to Sun is also the smallest terrestrial planet. It orbits so swiftly that its year lasts only 88 Earth days. The airless cratered surface could almost be mistaken for our moon, relentlessly bombarded by meteoroids for four and a half billion years. One of these encounters left a giant scar called the golarus basin, one of the largest impact sights in the solar system. Temperatures on the surface of mercury can reach a blistering 800 degrees Fahrenheit, and can dip to 300 degrees below zero on the night side. Venus Venus, as seen from Earth, is the brightest object in sky after the Sun and Moon. Russian probes were the first to land on Venus in the 1970's and 1980's. Venus's surface is volcanic. Its atmosphere is composed of thick, dense carbon dioxide with sulfuric acid clouds. Both are potent greenhouse gases that trap incoming sunlight. Venus rotates slowly—one Venusian day lasts almost four Earth months. Earth Earth is the only planet with life as we know it. The atmosphere and temperatures are "just right" for life. It is the only known body in our solar system where water can exist as a gas, liquid, and solid. Vast oceans dominate surface of the planet. Seasonal changes occur on the surface. Earth has a solid surface that constantly shifts due to plate tectonics. Mars Once geologically active, Mars has the largest dormant volcano in the solar system, Olympus Mons. It also hast the longest valley in the solar system, called Valles Marineris. Mars has a thin, atmosphere primarily composed of carbon dioxide. Surface conditions are dynamic. Mars has seasons as well as massive dust storms that cover the planet. Its surface features include the smooth, low-lying northern hemisphere and the craggy, heavily-cratered southern uplands. Evidence suggests that Mars had water running on its surface at some time in the past. Asteroid belt The asteroid belt is composed of small rocky pieces. The big question is "What happened here?" and "Why no planets?" The asteroid Ceres is large enough to be classified as a dwarf planet. Jupiter Jupiter is the largest and most massive planet in the Solar System. It rotates rapidly, completing one rotation every 10 hours. Long-lasting, high-speed winds and storms dominate Jupiter's atmosphere. Jupiter has a faint planetary ring system and over 63 moons. The largest moons, discovered by Galileo in 1610, vary widely. Io is volcanically active. Europa's cracked surface likely hides an ocean below. Ganymede is the largest moon in the Solar System. Callisto is heavily cratered. Saturn Saturn's seemingly serene atmosphere hides powerful storms and winds on its surface. Saturn is known for its extensive ring system made of chunks of ice, rock, and dust with small moonlets embedded within the rings. Saturn has more than 60 moons. Conditions vary among the moons. Titan, the largest moon, has a thick, smoggy, atmosphere covering its icy surface with lakes of liquid methane or ethane. Small Enceladus has water and ice geysers at its south pole. Its water vapor coat other nearby moons and create a thin Saturn ring. Uranus Uranus receives 400 times less sunlight than Earth. Uranus lies nearly sideways, making its axis nearly parallel to the plane of the Solar System. This extreme tilt give rise to seasons that last nearly 28 Earth years. Uranus as many moons and a faint ring system. It has only been visited by one spacecraft, Voyager 2, in 1986. Like the other giant planets, Uranus's atmosphere is primarily hydrogen and helium with a trace of methane gas over deep clouds, giving it a pale blue-green tint. Neptune Neptune also has many moons and a faint ring system. Its Great Dark Spot, a large storm with extremely strong winds, disappeared in the 1990s. Neptune's vivid blue color is due to its frigid temperature: -371°F (-224 °C).

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Channels: Planetary science 

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3. Newton's Laws of Motion

Fundamentals of Physics (PHYS 200) This lecture introduces Newton's Laws of Motion. The First Law on inertia states that every object will remain in a state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. The Second Law (F = ma) relates the cause (the force F) to the acceleration. Several different forces are discussed in the context of this law. The lecture ends with the Third Law which states that action and reaction are equal and opposite. Complete course materials are available at the Open Yale Courses website: http://open.yale.edu/courses This course was recorded in Fall 2006.

acceleration  compass  Coulomb  Earth  Einstein  Galileo  Law  Universal  Gravitation  Newton  vector 

Channels: Observational astronomy 

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Triumph Of Modern Science Over Medieval Superstition

Johannes Kepler And The Triumph Of Modern Science Over Medieval Superstition - Best Of Carl Sagan's Cosmos (Part 18). Subscribe to Science & Reason: • http://www.youtube.com/SagansCosmos • http://www.youtube.com/Best0fScience • http://www.youtube.com/FFreeThinker BEST OF CARL SAGAN'S "COSMOS": 1) 10 Years After: Carl Sagan & Ann Druyan Reflect: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=leTNfwfH0Jc 2) Lost Between Immensity And Eternity: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vIVsDg6U0LU 3) The Realm Of The Galaxies: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1axoV6HhWfI 4) Our Galaxy, The Milky Way: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eOazBTHzRYA 5) Our Solar System: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iBqjob-UVeo 6) Eratosthenes And The Round Earth Model: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=en5UKtcNujI 7) The Library Of Alexandria: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vVQs4B2jAW0 8) A Short History Of The Universe: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7n2r0qOxJ6k 9) Artificial And Natural Selection: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3uToVWZkWM 10) The Cosmic Year: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yFqbm_94nTM 11) Tree Of Life - 4 Billion Years Of Evolution: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KF0UECN4ndA 12) The Miracle Of Life: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOyojWeOYNA 13) DNA - The Common Basis Of Life: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ecmuvjSykf8 14) Abiogenesis The Origin Of Life: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yet1xkAv_HY 15) Astronomy vs Astrology: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ImaQS9NJ0nI 16) Pictures In The Sky: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iwCAwc4bge4 17) Ancient Astronomy: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-5dwJwau1Y 18) Triumph Of Modern Science Over Medieval Superstition: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lfmRqT-B_c 19) The Mysterious Tonguska Event: coming soon Carl Edward Sagan, Ph.D. (1934-1996) was an American astronomer, astrochemist, author, and highly successful popularizer of astronomy, astrophysics and other natural sciences. He pioneered exobiology and promoted the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI). He is world-famous for writing popular science books and for co-writing and presenting the award-winning 1980 television series "Cosmos: A Personal Voyage", which has been seen by more than 600 million people in over 60 countries, making it the most widely watched PBS program in history. A book to accompany the program was also published. He also wrote the novel "Contact", the basis for the 1997 Robert Zemecki's film of the same name starring Jodie Foster. During his lifetime, Sagan published more than 600 scientific papers and popular articles and was author, co-author, or editor of more than 20 books. In his works, he frequently advocated skeptical inquiry, secular humanism, and the scientific method. • http://www.carlsagan.com Johannes Kepler (1571-1630) was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer, and key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution. He is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, codified by later astronomers based on his works "Astronomia nova", "Harmonices Mundi", and "Epitome of Copernican Astrononomy". They also provided one of the foundations for Isaac Newton's theory of universal gravitation. During his career, Kepler was a mathematics teacher at a seminary school in Graz, Austria, an assistant to astronomer Tycho Brahe, the court mathematician to Emperor Rudolf II, a mathematics teacher in Linz, Austria, and an adviser to General Wallenstein. He also did fundamental work in the field of optics, invented an improved version of the refracting telescope (the Keplerian Telescope), and helped to legitimize the telescopic discoveries of his contemporary Galileo Galilei. Kepler lived in an era when there was no clear distinction between astronomy and astrology, but there was a strong division between astronomy (a branch of mathematics within the liberal arts) and physics (a branch of natural philosophy). • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_Kepler .

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Channels: The Astronomers 

Added: 932 days ago by deek

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Telescopes Galileo to SLOOH

http://slooh.com This video looks at Galileo's important work with the first telescope and includes an overview of the SLOOH robotic telescopes. Robotic telescopes are accessed and controlled using the Internet an incredible evolution of technology from Galileo's first telescopes

Education  Astronomy  Slooh  Galileo  telescope  Jupiter  Io  Callisto  Ganymede  Europa  Teide  Observatory  robotic  Science  galaxies  heliocentric  moon  quill  pen  Italy  radio  telescopes 

Channels: The Astronomers 

Added: 939 days ago by adminn

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Universe 114 Beyond Big Bang 47 Galileo

The History Channel Australia & New Zealand The Universe : 1/14 Beyond The Big Bang : 4/7 Galileo Learn about Galileo's bold moves of challenging the church with his theories of the universe. --- It all began inside a violent, blinding explosion that threw everything into chaos. Ever since, our greatest thinkers have peered into that chaos in search of order, logic & the answers to where we began. As earlier generations learned to decipher the cosmic clues of how we came to be, we stepped from revelation to revelation; epiphany to epiphany. Aristotle told us the world was round. Ptolemy conceived of a system of planets, stars & sun. Copernicus placed the sun at the center of this system. Galileo confirmed it. Newton explained what held it all together. Einstein offered insight into what fueled it. Hubble proposed it started with a "Big Bang". Our search for answers has shaped how we have evolved as thinking creatures. The Big Bang is the history of why & how we think about who & what we are. We'll contemplate how various cultures believe the world began & how it will all end...& what comes after. & for the first time, we'll be able to see what it might have all looked like, sitting in God's front row seats. Using unprecedented cutting edge animation, The Big Bang will recreate that amazing moment when everything started. With interviews from the world's leading physicists, engineers & historians we will employ every storytelling tool to make complex & confusing ideas clear, exciting & dramatic. Recreations, visual metaphors & first-person accounts will explain concepts like: the formation of galaxies, the existence of other dimensions & the idea of a parallel universe. The Big Bang will pose one of history's greatest questions, Where do we begin? --- http://www.thehistorychannel.com.au

Tech  space  universe  solar  system  planets  history  foxtel  australia  new  zealand  channel  big  bang  galileo 

Channels: The Astronomers 

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Three Minute Philosophy Galileo

It's that time again! Three Minute Philosophy returns with a rapid-fire lesson about the father of science, Galileo Galilei.

Education  three  minute  philosophy  science  renaissance  galileo  galilei  newton  copernicus  aristotle  enlightenment  supernova 

Channels: The Astronomers 

Added: 939 days ago by adminn

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